Management Issues of Maoist Guerrilla's-PLA in Nepal

Hfgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkg / /fhg}lts lvrftfgL

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Gf]kfndf /x]sf] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+l3o dfl6{g6f]nLsf] ;dGJfofTds cg'udgdf /x]sf] sl/j aL; xhf/ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkg ;DjlGw /fhg}lts lvrftfgLsf ;fy;fy} s'6g}lts OGb«hfnn] k/fsfi7f g} gfl3;s]sf] 5 . o;n] /fi6«klt lgjf{rgb]lv k|wfgdGqL lgjf{rg ;Ddsf] d'2fdf dfq xf]Og ls dGqfno jfF8kmf8df ;d]t xnf] c8sfof] . oltdfq sxfF xf] /, o;n] ljutsf] ;ftblno ;xdlt, j[xQ zflGt;Demf}tf OTofbLdf klg u|x0f nufof] . kmn:j?k /fHo nfdf] ;do;Dd ;/sf/lxgtfsf] jlGb klg jGg k'Uof]] . b]ze/L c/fhstf, sfg"glxgtf j9\b} /fi6« g} pb08tGqsf] rk]6fdf k/]sf] hf] sf]xLnfO{ ;lhn} cg'ej x'G5 . ctM of] n]v dfkm{t o; ;DjGwdf cawf/0fut?kdf ax'rlr{t æhgd'lQm ;]gf Joj:yfkgÆ sf s]lx kIfx? k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

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· Hfgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn sDo"lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_n] hgo'4sfndf ;z:q ultljlw ;+rfng ug{ egf{ ul/Psf n8fs' b:tf x'g\ .

· k|r08ky / dfcf]jfbnfO{ sfof{Gjog u/fpgsf nflu ;+ul7t s§/klGy cg'ofoLx?sf] ;Zf:q b:tf x'g\ .

· dfl6{g 6f]nLaf6 6fFrf nufO{ lzlj/x?df /flvPsf]] dfcf]jfbLsf z;:q sfo{stf{x? x'g .

· dfl6{g 6f]nLaf6 cof]Uo 7x/fO{{Psf] jf lzlj/df :j]lR5s jf /0fg}lts ?kdf g/flvPsf] jf jfO{l;Pn h:tf cw{;}lgs ;+/rgfdf /flvPsf] n8fs'x? klg x'g\ .

pk/f]Qm cfwf/x?df hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] kl/efiff ug{ ;lsPklg xfn ;+o"Qm /fi6«;+l3o lgsfo …cgldg’, dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ / cGo /fhg}lts kf6L{x?n] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] kl/efiff km/s–km/s ?kdf u/]sf] kfOG5 . t/ klg dfl6{g 6f]nLåf/f 6fFrf nufO{ /flvPsf sl/j jL;xhf/ hgd'lQm ;]gfn] /fli6«o / cGt/fli6«o lgsfoaf6 cflwsfl/s ?kdf dfGotf kfPsf] b]lvG5 .

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dfl6{g 6f]nLaf6 6fFrf nufOPsf] Hfgd'lQm ;]gfdWo] w]/} hgf lzlj/x?df /x]sf5g\ eg] s]xL c+u/Ifssf] ?kdf / s]lx :f'/Iffuf8{sf] ?kdf klg /flvPsf5g\ . lagf 6Ffrfjfnf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf xsdf eg] sf]xL jfO{l;Pndf t sf]xL cGo eft[;+u7gdf ;+nUg /xL Jojxfl/s?kdf cw{;}lgs ultljlwx?df ;+nUg ePsf] kfO{G5 . s]xL Hfgd'lQm ;]gf ;ef;b\ ePsf 5g\ eg] s]xL ljleGg :yflgo, If]lqo tyf s]Gb|Lo g]t[Tjdf klg /x]sf5g\ . dfcf]jfbL g]tf e§/fO{n] oL ;j} k|sf/sf ;Demf}tf lakl/tsf s'/fx?nfO{ jGb ug{] k|lta4tf ;+lawfg ;efdf 3f]if0ff ul/;Sg'ePsf] ePtf klg o;sf] sfof{Gjog eg] ;a}sf] z+sfsf] 3]/fdf 5 .

hgd'lQm ;]gfsf ;sf/fTds / gsf/fTds b'j} k|sf/sf ultljlwx? b}lgs rrf{df /x]sf] kfO{G5 . ;do–;dodf hgd'lQm ;]gf slxn] ljsf;lgdf{0f, ;/;kmfO{ tyf z';f;g Joj:yf OTofbLdf tlNng ePsf] ;'lgG5 eg] slxn] xTof, n'6kf6, ckx/0f, u'08fubL{, lj/f]w, rGbf, cfs|d0fdf ;+nUg ePsf] klg ;dfrf/ dfWoddf x]g{ kfO{G5 . csf]{lt/ :j3f]lift?kdf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] laleGg gfddf ljNnf nufPsf dflg;x?nfO{ ;lhn} hq–tq ljleGg ?kdf e]6\g kfO{G5 . ctM k|d"v r'gf}tL eg]sf] g} hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Jojxfl/s klxrfg ug'{ g} xf] . dfl6{gljNnf ePsfnfO{ ;lhn} lrGg ;lsPklg ;f] jfx]ssfnfO{ s;/L lrGg] <>

s'g hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkg h?/L 5 <

l;4fGttxM 6Ffrfjfnf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkgsf] d'2f ljjfbf:kb / cfjZos 7flgPklg Jojxf/txM ljgf6fFrfjfnf dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkg t'ngfTds?kdf cfjZos b]lvG5 . of] d'2f /fi6« / :jo+ dfcf]jfbLsf] nflu klg 7"nf] lrGtfsf] ljifo ePsf] x'g'k5{ . t/ of] n]vsf] laifoa:t'nfO{ 6fFrfjfnfsf] Joj:yfksLo kIfdf dfq s]lGb|t ul/Psf] 5 .

;flRr s} eGg] xf] eg], clxn] of] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkg k|efjsf/L / bIftfk"j{s ul/Pg eg] /fHo l;w} csf]{ vt/gfs o'4df ws]lng ;S5 . g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]=s=kf=dfcf]jfbLlarsf] j[xt zflGt ;Demf}tf, /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o k|of;x? / dfl6{g6f]nLsf] clxn] ;Ddsf] ;j} k|of;x? jfn'jf df kfgL xfn] h:t} xg]5 . ctM ;DjlGwt ;j} /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o lgsfox?sf] ;+o'Qm k|of;df sd;]sd 6fFrfjfnf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] dfq eP klg k|efjsf/L tyf lb3{sflng Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|fyldstfsf] ljifo agfpg' cfjZos 5 .

dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkg ;DjGwL Joj:yf s] 5 <

g]kfn clw/fHosf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# tyf lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf @)^# df n]lvPsf] k|fjwfg cg';f/ dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs'x?sf] /]vb]v, ;dfof]hg / k'g{:yfkgf ug]{ ;DaGwdf cGtl/d dlGqkl/ifbn] ljz]if sldl6 jgfP/ sfd ug]{ dfq pNn]v ePsf] kfOG5 . hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ k|x/L jgfpg] jf /fli6«o ;]gf jf /fHosf] cw{;}lgs jn df ?kfGt/0f ug]{ Joj:yf slx st} s'g} cf}krfl/s b:tfj]hdf ePsf] kfO{b}g . hgd'lTfm ;]gf Joj:yfkgsf] gfddf hgo'4 n8]sf] k'/:sf/ jfkt n8fs'x?nfO{ s'g} Ps k|sf/sf] :yfoL hflu/ k|bfg ug]{ cwf]lift pb]Zo / nIo b]lvP tfklg oL ;]gfx?nfO s;/L sxfF Joj:yfkg ug]{ eGg] af/] ;f] sf] u[xsfo{ slxst} ePsf] xfn;Dd kfOb}g . t/ g]kfn sDo"lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_n]] pSt b:tfsf] gfd ;]gf /fv]sf] / pgLx?nfO{ hgo"4 sfndf kf6L{sf] ;}lgs ultljlwdf ;z:q hTyfsf] ?kdf k|of]u ul/Psf]n] g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbLn] pgLx?nfO{ g]kfnL ;]gfdf g} ;dfof]hg ug{' kg]{ hf]/bf/ dfu u/]sf] b]lvG5 eg] dfcf]jfbL afx]ssf /fhg}ltsbnx? / :jo+ g]kfnL ;]gf klg dfcf]jfbLsf] of] wf/0ffsf] k|lt/f]ws b]lvG5 .

hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkgfsf] r"gf}tL tyf ;d:ofx? s] s] x'g <

· dfcf]jfbLn] ldlnh'nL ;/sf/sf] a};fvLdf e/kg{' kg]{ jfWofTds cj:yfdf x'g' .

· dfcf]jfbL jfx]ssf ;j} bn tyf :jo+ ;}lgs tyf k|x/L ;+u7gx? g} ;dfof]]hgsf] k|lt/f]ws x'g' .

· hgd'lQm ;]gf Joj;flos /fli6«o ;]gf geP/ kf6L{ ljz]ifsf] ;]gf x'g' / o;sf] egf{, 5gf}6 tyf sfo{z}nL 5fkfdf/ u'/LNnf df]8]ndf /fhg}lts :jfy{ cg";f/ x'g' .

· cGt/f{li6«o tyf /fli6«o dfkb08x? h:t}M of]Uotf, pd]/, tflnd, kbzf]kfg / ef}lts tyf dfgl;s of]Uotfx? k|rlnt sfg"g tyf dfGotf cg'?k gx'g' .

· ljwdfg ;}lgs jf k|x/L ;+/rgfdf hgd'lQm ;]gf ldnfpbf ;+VofTds ?kdf af]em, k"0f{ cg'Tkfbs / ;+u7gdf k"0f{ cJoj;foLs ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; x'g] ;Defjgf x'g''' .

· hgd'lQm ;]gf ;dfof]hgsf] d'2f ;Fu} dw]zL nufotsf ;d"bfox?n] ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] nflu ;d"xut hflto egf{ (Mass Recruitment) sf] dfu zzt{ cuf8L ;fg'{ .

· o; k|sf/sf] ;dfoflht ;]gfn] cGt/f{li6«o dfGotf kfpg sl7gfO{ x'g' .

· cfly{sef/sf] r/d l:ylt ;[hgf x'g] ;Defjgf x'g''' .

· cGo w]/} ljb|f]xL ;]gfsf] 6's8Lx?sf] hGd x'g] / jnhkm\tL ;dfof]hgsf] ;+:s[lt sfod x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf x'g''' .

· ;dfof]hg x'g] c+ux?df /x]sf /fi6«;]js / dfcf]jfbLsf hgd'lQm ;]gfx? ljr w«'ljs/0f eO{ åGb ;[hgf x'g' sf ;fy}] plgx?sf] dgf]jndf gs/fTds c;/ kg{;Sg] ;Defjgf x'g''' . .

Hfgd'lQm ;]gfsf] ;kmn Joj:yfkg s;/L ug]{ <

Hfgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkg sf] nflu /f]huf/L g} k|d"v pkfo x'g] b]lvG5 . ;j} hgd'lQm ;]gf af:tjd}} k|x/L, ;}lgs jf cw{;}lgs jf s'g} ;'/Iff lgsfodf ;dfof]hg x'g OR5's b]lvb}g / ;a} zfl/l/s ?kdf ;'/Iff ;]jfsf] nflu of]Uo klg 5}gg\ . w]/} h;f]n] lb3{sfnLg /f]huf/L kfpg] xf] eg] ;}lgs jf k|x/L k]zf eGbf cGoq hfg ?rfpg] b]lvG5 . ctM hgd'lQm ;]gf Joj:yfkgsf] nflu b]xfo pkfox? b]lvG5 .

-s_ eO/x]sf] s'g} ;/sf/L ;+u7gx?df laz]if Joj:yf u/L hfuL/ k|bfg ug]{ .

-v_ eO/x]sf] ;+u7gx?df k"0f{ ;djGofTds Ps :jtGq lgsfo u7g u/]/ ;dfof]hg ug{] .

-u_ 5'6} cl:tTjsf] :jtGq ;+u7gsf] :yfkgf u/]/ hfuL/ k|bfg ug{] .

-3_ /f]huf/Lsf P]lR5s ljsNkx? cjnDjg u/fP/ /f]huf/Lsf] Aoj:yf ug{] .

-ª_ dfly pNn]lvt pkfox? dWo] Ps jf Ps eGbf j9L pkfox? cfjZostf cg';f/ cjnDjg ug]{ .

Dffly pNn]lvt pkfox?dWo], Gf]kfn ;/sf/ tyf g]kfn sDo"lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_n]] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Aoj:yfkg ;DjlGw ljz]if Aoj:yf u/L dfly j'Fbf -s_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd g]kfn k|x/L jf g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;+u7gdf l;w} ;dfof]hg ug{] / ljz]if lsl;dsf] kbzf]kfg, sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/, lgo'lQm, j[ltljsfz, cjsfz tyf ;'ljwfsf] ljz]if Aoj:yf tf]s]/ ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ of] Tolt /fd|f] ljsNk gx'g;S5 . of] k|ls|ofsf] nflu w}}/} afwf lj/f]w, sfg"gL c8\rg nufotsf r'gf}tLx? em]Ng' kg{] x'g;S5 .

To:t} j'Fbf -v_ cg';f/ laBdfg g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L jf z;:q k|x/Lsf] ;+u7gdf 5'§}} jflxgL jf ljefux? u7g u/L ljz]if lhDd]jf/L tf]sL hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsG5 . j'Fbf -u_ df n]lvPadf]lhd ;/sf/ n] 5'§} cw{;}lgs c+u jf ;'xfpbf] k|s[ltsf] ;'/Iff lgsfo h:t}M cf}wf]lus ;'/Iffjn, ;Ldf ;'/Iffjn jf ;z:q lghLuf8{ jnsf] ljsf; u/L ug{ ;Sg]5 . csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ ljsNksf] ?kdf j'Fbf -3_ df elgP h:t} ljBdfg lzlj/x?sf hgd'lQm ;]gfx?nfO{ :j]lR5s /f]huf/Lsf] nflu k|fljlws 1fg, lzk, k"+hL, tflnd tyf cfjZos cfly{sk|fljlws ;xof]u k|bfg u/]/ uf]N8]g xof08;]s u/]/ k7fpg ;lsg]5 . o;sf cltl/Qm O{R5's nfO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/ tyf zLkd"ns Jofkf/–Joj;fosf] nflu klg df}sf k|bfg u/]/ Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5 .

dfly pNn]lvt kfFrf} df]8]n j'Fbf -ª_ sf ;DaGwdf, hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] OR5f, /fi6«sf] cfjZotf / pgLx?sf] of]Uotf, bIftf / zLksf cfwf/df hgd'lQm ;]gfx?;Fu ;dGjo / 5nkmnu/L ljleGg ;d"xdf 5'6\ofpg] / pko'Qmtfsf] cfwf/df j'Fbf -s_b]lv j'Fbf -3_ ;Ddsf pkfox?df laz]if1tfsf] cfwf/df hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ ;dfj]z u/fO{ ;kmn / k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5, h"g t'ngfTds ?kdf sd ljjfbf:kb, ldtJooL tyf ;lhn} sfof{Gjog ug{ ;lsg] x'G5 .

pk/f]Qm j'Fbf -s_ b]lv j'Fbf -ª_ ;Dd sf pkfox?dWo] j'Fbf -s_ / -v_ cg';f/sf] dfq Aoj:yfkg cToGt hl6n, ljjfbf:kb tyf r"gf}ltk"0f{ x'g;Sg] b]lvG5 eg] j'Fbf -u_, -3_ / -ª_ sf] pkfox? t'ngfTds?kdf Af9L k|efjsf/L / ;lhn} ;kmntfk"j{s sfof{Gjog ug{ ;lsg] b]lvG5 . cem} eGg' kbf{ j'Fbf -ª_ nfO{ ;a} eGbf pko'Qm pkfo dfgL ;/sf/n] cjnDjg ug{' a9L j'l4dfgL b]lvG5 .

cGTodf, ljwdfg hgd'lQm ;]gf Aoj:yfkg / /fhg}lts lvrftfgL sf] ljifo ca nfdf] ;do;Dd yftL /fVg'sf] ;§f of] d'2f k|fljlwsx?sf] ;Nnfx tyf l;kmfl/; cg';f/ dfly k|:t't ul/Psf pkfox? cjnDjg u/L Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsof]] eg] lglZrt?kdf ;lhn} Aoj:yfkgsf] ;fy;fy} zflGt k|ls|ofsf] ;kmn cjt/0f x'g;S5 . olb of] d'2f oyfl;w|| ;a} bnx? ldnL ;do d} Aoj:yfkg ul/Pg eg] g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ g]tfx?n] b]lvPsf] gofF g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] ;kgf / cGt/fli6«o lgsfodf zflGt k|ls|ofsf] sf/0fn] sdfPsf] k|lti7f ;j} u'Dg ;S5 / /fHo k"gM 4Gbsf] e"Fd/Ldf km:g ;Sb5 .

-n]Vfs zflGt tyf åGb Joj:yfkg ljifosf] cg';Gwfgstf{ x'g'x'G5 / g]kfn ;/sf/sf] u[x dGqfno;+u cfjå x'g'x'G5 _